Jedong Temple is a gate temple, in the shape of Paduraksan, a type of gate which its roof merged. The gates were made of andesite while the wall which connects both gates made of brick. And on the both upper gate are engraved with kala as the characteristic of other classical building in Java. This temple is located not far from Ngoro Industrial Area, Mojokerto and geographically nestles on the northern slope of Mount Gajah Mungkur, one of peaks of Mount Penanggungan.
Local people call the two gates as Gapura Lanang (Male’s Gate) for Candi Jedong I and Gapura Wadon (Female’s Gate) for Candi Jedong 2.
One of the Gate is bigger, and a date is carved at the temple wall, 1307 Saka or 1385. The smaller gate is not dated, yet there was an andesit dated 1378 Saka or1456. The function of the temple is assumed as gate to a free-tax area or known as Perdikan (Sima). There is an assumption that this area has existed for thousand years.
From various literature, 12 inscriptions were found here, and named as Jedong I- XII. The inscriptions are primary source for history data as the they contain accuracy.
Jedong I, Tulangan inscription was made on bronze and written in old Javanese script in Jedong Area, which has already been existed since 832 Saka or 910 AD and in that period the area had been a free-tax region or locally known as Perdikan (Sima) Tulangan. Tulangan is the first term of Jedong. This period, is concurrent with the reign of King Balitung (898-913 AD) who ruled Old Mataram Kingdom in Central Java.
Jedong II (Kambang Sri), is date back 848 Saka (929 AD), explaining about King Rakai Layah Dyah Tolodong who reigned Old Mataram Kingdom in Central Java 920-928 AD and in this period Jedong name altered to Kambang Sri.
Jedong III (Kambang Sri II) is made of andesite stone in old Javanese script dated back 850 Saka (928 AD) (Verbeek 1891). This period was when King Sendok reigned from 929-948 AD in Old Mataram Kingdom East Java.
The conclusion is there are 2 periods: King Tulodong reigned Old Mataram Kingdom in Central Java and King Sendok ruled Old Mataram Kingdom in East Java, and the site was still named as Kambang Sri. Since Old Mataram King, Candi Jedong had been a Sima known as Tulangan area, and then later became Kambang Sri. Three inscriptions above are long inscriptions, while others from Jedong IIIa-XII are short inscriptions, which only written a date. The newest inscription was dated back 1378 Saka or 1456 AD. According to those findings, Jedong as fee-tax region had been existed since Old Mataram Kingdom until Majapahit Kingdom. period.
(Various source)